The government believes it has identified nine types of heavy drinker as it launches a new alcohol campaign.
Research by the Department of Health in England with focus groups found heavy drinkers often fell into one of a number of categories.
These ranged from de-stress and depressed drinkers to people who boozed because of boredom or to bond.
Experts said helping people to understand the reasons for their drinking habits was “very useful”.
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THE NINE TYPES OF DRINKER
Depressed drinker
De-stress drinker
Re-bonding drinker
Conformist drinker
Community drinker
Boredom drinker
Macho drinker
Hedonistic drinker
Border dependents
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The research showed that those drinking heavily - defined as consuming 35 units a week for women, 50 for men, which is twice the recommended limit - did so for a variety of reasons.
For example, de-stress drinkers were defined as people in pressured jobs who used alcohol to relax.
Whereas it said bonding drinkers could be anyone in society who had hectic social lives and lost track of their drinking.
The research was done to inform a new drive by ministers to crackdown on heavy drinkers.
A pilot is being run in the north west of England over the coming months to specifically target heavy drinkers.
Over 900,000 households will receive leaflets through the post highlighting the link between drinking and conditions such as cancer and liver disease.
The campaign is focusing on adults aged over 35 who fall into the nine drinking categories.
Risk
Along with the information about disease risk, people will be given details about where they can go to get help.
This will include a website where they can calculate their own individual risk from drinking and get access to a self-help manual. A telephone helpline will also be set up.
The government hopes the tailored approach will help 4,000 people in the region to reduce their drinking within a year.
If it is successful, officials hope to roll it out to other parts of England.
Public health minister Dawn Primarolo admitted these heavy drinkers were a “tough one to crack”.
But she added: “This is a totally fresh approach to helping people understand the effects of their drinking habits and help them make changes for the better.”
Alcohol Concern chief executive Don Shenker said: “This type of marketing is very useful.
“In order to get people to examine their drinking they need to become aware of why they are doing it and what motivates them.”
The Nine Types of Drinker
| Name |
Characteristics |
Key motivations |
| Depressed drinker |
Life in a state of crisis eg recently bereaved, divorced or in financial crisis |
Alcohol is a comforter and a form of self-medication used to help them cope |
| De-stress drinker |
Pressurised job or stressful home life leads to feelings of being out of control and burdened with responsibility |
Alcohol is used to relax, unwind and calm down and to gain a sense of control when switching between work and personal life. Partners often support or reinforce behaviour by preparing drinks for them |
| Re-bonding drinker |
Relevant to those with a very busy social calendar |
Alcohol is the shared connector’ that unifies and gets them on the same level. They often forget the time and the amount they are consuming |
| Conformist drinker |
Traditional guys who believe that going to the pub every night is what men do’ |
Justify it as me time’. The pub is their second home and they feel a strong sense of belonging and acceptance within this environment |
| Community drinker |
Drink in fairly large social friendship groups |
The sense of community forged through the pub-group. Drinking provides a sense of safety and security and gives their lives meaning. It also acts a social network |
| Boredom drinker |
Typically single mums or recent divorcees with restricted social life |
Drinking is company, making up for an absence of people. Drinking marks the end of the day, perhaps following the completion of chores |
| Macho drinker |
Often feeling under-valued, disempowered and frustrated in important areas of their life |
Have actively cultivated a strong alpha male’ that revolves around their drinking prowess’. Drinking is driven by a constant need to assert their masculinity and status to themselves and others |
| Hedonistic drinker |
Single, divorced and/or with grown up children |
Drinking excessively is a way of visibly expressing their independence, freedom and youthfulness’ to themselves. Alcohol used to release inhibitions |
| Border dependents |
Men who effectively live in the pub which, for them, is very much a home from home |
A combination of motives, including boredom, the need to conform, and a general sense of malaise in their lives |
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