From time to time, reports circulate about vehicles that have failed an exhaust emissions test. Often, it seems that an assumption has been made that the exhaust catalyst is defective, a new catalyst has been fitted and when retested the vehicle...

A crash pulse is the time history of the response of a vehicle system subjected to an impact or excitation. The dynamic characteristics of the system can be described by using a hardware or a software model. A hardware model is a system consisting of...

In the development of a new vehicle platform, its crashworthiness is an important concern, and it is imperative to compare the impact severity of the vehicle and occupants under various test and design conditions. Since an impact is a physical event...

In the development of a new vehicle platform, its crashworthiness is an important concern, and it is imperative to compare the impact severity of the vehicle and occupants under various test and design conditions. Since an impact is a physical event...

Without a good quality spark, in the right place at the right time, the engine performance will be affected, as will the operation of the emissions control system. A misfire can lead to unburnt fuel reaching the exhaust and this will quickly harm the...